Antitumor and antioxidant activity of Triticum Aestivum against CACO-2 cell line induced colon cancer

Plant-based diet supplements help the prevention and therapy of several kinds of cancer because they contain micronutrients, which exhibit chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic activities. In present study invitro cytotoxic effect of wheat grass was evaluated on Caco2 cell line by MTT assay. Further antitumor and antioxidant activity of wheatgrass was evaluated against the Caco2 cell line induced colon cancer in mice. After 24 h of tumor inoculation intraperitoneally, wheatgrass was administered daily for 30 days. After administration of last dose followed by 18 h fasting, mice were sacrificed for observation of antitumor activity. The change in body weight, abdominal circumference of tumor bearing hosts and simultaneous alterations in hematological profile, serum (SGPT, LDH, GGT, ALP and glucose) and liver biochemical parameters (lipid peroxidation, GSH and antioxidant enzymes-CAT, GPx) were estimated. The changes in serum carcinoembryonic antigen and ferritin levels were estimated. The wheatgrass exhibited apoptosis of cell lines and inhibited cell growth (invivo). The wheatgrass maintained the abdominal circumference and body weight of tumor bearing mice. Hematological profile reverted towards normal levels in wheatgrass treated mice. Treatment with wheatgrass restored serum biochemical parameters towards normal levels and decreased levels of lipid peroxidation and increased levels of reduced glutathione and other antioxidant enzymes (CAT and GPx). The wheatgrass treatment restored Carcino embryonic antigen and ferritin levels in tumor induced mice. The wheatgrass exhibited antitumor effect by modulating hematological parameters, lipid peroxidation and augmenting antioxidant defense system in tumor bearing mice.